The Papyrus Ipuwer states: "the earth turned upside down" and "the land turns round (over) like a potter's wheel." End of this line 8 and beginning line 9. Right to left.
Graphic 1 from Guide to Velikovsky's Sources Graphic 2 from Ohr Somayach, Jerusalem.
Some have interpreted "the land was turned upside down" to signify social unrest. However, the literal meaning may be what was intended. And PAPYRUS 9:11 "The land is not light". May very well refer to the ninth plague of Exodus, the three days of darkness about the new moon March 16, 1281 BC because the rest of the papyrus corresponds to the Exodus. See The Papyrus Ipuwer. PAPYRUS 2:5-6 "Plague is throughout the land. Blood is everywhere." 7:21 "...there is blood throughout all the land of Egypt." - identifies this papyrus with the 10 plagues of the Exodus. PAPYRUS 2:8 "Forsooth, the land turns round like a potter's wheel." "I show thee the land upside down; it happened that which never had happened".
Papyrus 1116b recto, publiched by Gardiner, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 1914
- may refer to the three days of darkness where the sun moved 540° or more likely 7 X 180° with earth's rotation over the Pacific to keep Egypt in darkness for 3 X 24 hours. The night following the darkness the Egyptians would see stars from the other half of heaven, the winter stars appear and reappear. Thus feel like the potter's wheel. The night sky would appear as a winter night sky instead of a summer night sky.
The sun moving 3 X 360° east to stand still on the opposite side of earth to Egypt for three days of darkness. 3 X 24 hours. Then if earth was in a reverse orbit before, it would flow out of the reverse orbit = 7 X 189°.
In March at midnight the handle of the Big Dipper normally points up. In September at midnight the handle of the Big Dipper normally points down. Likewise, if the sun moved to the otherside of the earth in March, the Big Dipper would point down at midnight instead of up. Thus the world would seem to be upside down. Then instead of a summer sky, the Egyptians would see winter stars.
Isaiah 24:1 "Behold, the LORD maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof."
24:4 "The earth dries up and withers, the world languishes and fades away; heaven fades away together with the earth."
24:7 "the new wine dries up, the oil decays, all the merry makers groan."
Dead Sea Scrolls Bible
A climate change in the form of a drought is something to look for in a reverse orbit and we find it here. "heaven fades away" may refer to the stars of the night sky fading away in the sun as the sun moved 180°. The sun moved up or down after moving the 180° to keep earth in the same season and earth and the planets tilted their orbits around the sun. For many reasons they would think earth had "turned upside down". After all, the sun was 180° away in the winter constellation when it was the beginning of summer.
Also with earth in a reverse orbit stars would progress in reverse, 1° west to east instead of east to west each night, as earth orbited the sun in reverse.
The word for upside down can be the word for revolution or cause for revolution. Such as in the Exodus. Nevertheless a literal translation meaning earth and the sun was moved is possible.
"The sun - it has come to pass it riseth not. The winter is come (instead of) as summer, the months are reversed, and the hours disordered."
Papyrus Anastasi IV
The Anastasi VI dates from the fifth year of Sethos II, 1277 BC = five years after Pharaoh Merneptah died at the end of the sothis cycle in 1281 BC at the crossing of the Red/Reed Sea of the Children of Israel in Exodus. Thus Anastasi IV describes the sun miracle of the three days of darkness and the devastation of Egypt in the Exodus five years earlier. Thus Anastasi 4 was written five years earlier than Anastasi 6.
The 120 day winter season ended on the new moon March 17, 1281 BC, Julian in the fixed to the seasons Egyptian calendar. Then the summer season started. The Exodus was Friday, March 30, 1281 BC. Thus this three days of darkness must have happened at least three days before the Exodus. The following night when the stars were visible again, they would see the stars from the other half of heaven, the winter night sky. They would be cold in three days of darkness. They would see the zodiac pass in reverse with earth in a reverse orbit.
After three days, 3 X 24 hours, of darkness the hours of the day would seem very disordered. The Big Dipper would point down at midnight instead of up in spring. Thus this is rather what seemed upside down. Earth was untouched. Sirius would not appear at new years July 16, 1281 BC. This would also see the days disordered.
You can read the full account of the Papyrus Ipuwer at Admonitions of Ipuwer.
Aristotle writes:
On The Heavens Book II 285b14:
"Of the poles the one that appears above us is on the lower part, the one invisible to us is on the upper. For we call the 'right' of each thing the part from which the beginning of its local movement derives; now, the starting-point of the revolution of the heavens is the part from which the stars rise, so that this will be the right, and where they set is the left. If, then, it begins from the right and rotates to the right, the invisible pole must be the upper, since, if it is the invisible one, the movement will be to the left, which we deny. Therefore it is clear that the invisible pole is the upper.
Those who live on there are in the upper hemisphere and on the right, whereas we are in the lower hemisphere and on the left, which is just the opposite of what the Pythagoreans say; for they put us above and in the right-hand part, but those there below and in the left hand part. Just the opposite, however, turns out to be the case." Perhaps this was a description of a reverse orbit. The stars appearing later each evening in the east. That is, the stars moving west to east as the year progressed, earth still rotating east to west as normal. "the side from which the stars rise" is heaven's right, "and where they set...its left."
Worlds in Collision
"violent shakings of the revolutions of the Soul, a total blocking of the course of the same, shaking of the course of the other, which produced all manner of twistings, and caused in their circles fractures and disruptures of every possible kind, with the result that, as they barely held together one with another, they moved indeed but more irrationally, being at one time reversed, at another oblique, and again upside down."
Cf. Bury's comments to Timaeus, notes, pp.72,80.
"I show thee the land upside down; it happened which never had happened."
Ermitage Papyrus in Leningrad, pp.28-29; Gardiner, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, I (1914); Cambridge Ancient History, I, 346.
The Magical Papyrus Harris: "the south becomes north, and earth turns over."
H.O. Lange, "Der Magische Papyrus Harris," K. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab (1927), p.58.
Seneca's play Thyestes depicts earth turning over: "Helius, already in mid career, wrested his chariot about and turned his horses' heads towards the dawn." "The zodiac's falling." Must mean earth flowed into a reverse orbit of the sun.
How could they come up with the notion of a falling zodiac if they did not actually experience it? "no more shall the stars mark off summer and autumn".
If the sun moved 180° March 21 or September 21, (March 30 in 1281 BC) on the spring or autumn equinox, the September night sky would be a March night sky and vice versa. If at any other time the sun also moved up or down to keep earth in the same season.
Then the seasons must also shift up the zodiac. Earth rotates on a 23° tilt / , the sun moved up or down at the same inclination to this 23° tilt to earth as it had just before moving. "the Wain (Ursa Major), which was never washed by the sea, the swathing whirlpool shall engulf".
This seems to be an example of a pole shift to keep earth in the same season. However, in a reverse orbit Ursa Major would appear at night in a different season at a different time.
Thus this different time and different season may be what was being described. Thus, a sun miracle in winter when Ursa Major, the Big Dipper, pointed straight up at midnight would mean the next night Ursa Major, the Big Dipper, would point straight down. Then some of Ursa Major would drop below the Horizon. The same amount of Ursa Major that normally drops below the horizon.
Earth did not shift on its axis. Only the night season of winter did not normally see Ursa Major drop below the horizon. "Into the universal deluge will the Wain descend, which never touched the sea before; the Snake, like a meandering river sliding Between the Bears; and the great Dragon's smaller neighbour, the freezing Cynosura"
The sun must move up or down shifting earth's reverse orbit and the zodiacal seasons through the stars. Likewise the The Gilgamesh Epic Tablet VI, the theme of the celestial ceiling of Senmut's tomb, describe the same zodiac shift.
Seneca's conclusion: "Are we alone of mankind deemed worthy of being overwhelmed by an unhinged universe? Is it upon us the last day has come?" They thought the zodiac was fixed, was hinged in space. They thought it was the end of the world. Wouldn't you?
The Magical Papyrus Harris:
"the south becomes north, and the Earth turns over."
The Dendera Zodiac is upside down and progresses in reverse seems to represent earth upside down. However, what is reoriented is the zodiac.
The spring sun is depicted in Leo which suggests the sun moved 180° in spring or fall. Likewise the sun in a reverse zodiac appears to rise in the east rather than from the west. However, east and west are reversed:
The first chart startled the investigators because in it west and east are reversed...The zodiac and the heavenly bodies, including Phaethon, rotate anti-clockwise on this diagram as the day advances."
S.I.S.
In a reverse orbit the spring night sky and fall night sky are reversed not the constellations of east and west. If the sun moved 180° in December or June the sun must move up or down 23° to keep earth in the same season.
Then the constellation that had been in the north at night would now point south in the zodiac, to the south constellation. Spring is in the east according to ancient Chinese writings. This could only be in a reverse orbit. This is easy to picture.
Normally Spring is in the west in the zodiac. If the sun moved to the other side of the earth Spring would be in the east and the zodiac progress in reverse.
"On the last day of the twelfth month (11 February 141 BC) it thundered. The sun appeared purple. Five planets moved in retrograde and guarded the constellation T'ai-wei. The moon passed through the center of the constellation T'ien-t'ing."
The Grand Scribes Records, Volume II, p.213.
This describes the planets and moon in the polar region of the stars. The moon and planets never orbit in the polar region, as was noted in the notes below this text. The sun may move to the zodiac constellation the sun normally passes through 6 months ago. Nevertheless, in moving the sun, the moon and planets may be moved significantly off course. If you move the sun to the other side of a globe of the earth at the winter solstice you will see the globe must shift forward or backward 180°. Thus, to move the sun up or down after it moved 180° to the other side of earth at the solstice, the sun must move significantly more up or down to keep earth in the same season than at any other time. Thus the moon and planets could appear in the polar region far from the ecliptic.
"But the vernal mansions go to the west and the autumnal ones to the east, reversing the previous directions of these two seasons, and in opposition to the prevailing notion of the Chinese that the spring belongs to the east, etc."
The Chinese Classics, Volume III p.94Yao's zodiac from 2300 BC. Thus you see Scorpius in the east the Chinese character for Fang. The sun is normally in Scorpio in autumn in September, 2300 BC. For spring to be in the east, the sun must move to the other side of the earth, and earth flow into a reverse orbit of the sun.
Effectively earth would seem "upside down" even though its axis pointed to the same pole star in the northern hemisphere. Then west and east in the zodiac would be reversed.
Some have interpreted the sun being depicted in Leo in spring. The sun was last in Leo on the vernal equinox 10,000 years ago. This is the stars would mark the seasons the same as if earth's axis pointed in backwards precession to its 10,000 BC star Vega. However, earth did not shift. Only the sun shifted up the zodiac. A sun miracle 160 days before the vernal equinox would result in stars marking the seasons as they did 10,000 years ago. If the sun was moved to the other side of the earth in November, the stars should mark the seasons as they did 10,000 years ago because of the sun moving up or down to keep earth in the same season.
The lion like Sphinx faces east where the sun rises on the spring equinox. The lion shape may depict the sun then being in Leo on the vernal equinox. A possibility is the sun moved 180° from Taurus to Scorpius. Then a few days later on the vernal equinox Leo would rise just before the sun.
The sun progressing in reverse against the zodiac as earth flowed into a reverse orbit of the sun. Or the sun may have moved 180° from or to Cancer from or to Sagittarius as well to fit the diagram. Depicted in a nearby zodiac sculpture from the grand temple the rising sun is in Cancer. The severed leg of the bull is depicted in the center of this Dendera Zodiac. This may signify the sun moving 180° other than on the equinoxes and earth shifting on it axis to keep in the same season and pointing to a new pole star, thus the leg severed from the bull of the north pole. "Horus had chopped off one leg of the bull and transferred it to another part of the sky where it could be properly guarded and prevented from ever again running amok." When earth flowed into a reverse orbit the night stars were where the noon sun had been. Moreover, the constellations would appear from the west through the year instead of disappering in the west as the year progresses in our normal orbit.
"In Hwang-te's 50th year, in autumn, in the 7th month, on the day Kang-shin [57th of cycle], phoenixes, male and female arrived."
The Chinese Classics. p.109.
This was day 57 of cycle 60, the 17th lunar day of the seventh month, Sunday, October 18, 2607 BC = the Fall equinox, perhaps when Abraham was born = to when Jesus was born about September 12, 7 BC = 2300 years later.
"In his (emperor Yao's) 70th year (January 2247 BC), in the spring, in the first month..phoenixes appeared.."
The Chinese Classics. p.113.
This may be about January 2247 BC and the angels of God carried the sun to the other side of the earth in Yao / Joseph's 70th year.
"In his (emperor Ching's) 18th year, 1150 BC, in the spring, in the 1st month..Phoenixes made their appearance.."
The Chinese Classics. p.145.
Phoenixes in the Chinese spring signify a sun miracle between January and March = a sun miracle when Jesus was crucified in the spring on April 3, 33 AD.
Emperor Wu from 1174 BC, six years to Ching in 1168 BC, then emperor Ching's 18th year in 1150 BC, when was a sun miracle. A long day for Jephthah about 100 years, or rather 3 x 30 years = 1241 BC - 90 years = 1150 BC, 90 years after Moses conquered Heshbon (not 300 years), 1242 BC to 1150 BC, could give Jephthah the victory when God answered his vow.
It was a common belief in the Mediterranean that the world turned over.
Plato also wrote of this: "For when the world turned towards the present cycle of generation.."
That east and west are reversed in the Denderah Zodiac may mean the sun had moved from Spring in the west to Spring in the east. Thus, Yao's zodiac where spring is in the east.
There were sun miracles recorded in almost every century before Christ. There was one indicated by the Chinese because of Jupiter's reverse motion in 103 BC to 101 BC, about the time the Denderah Zodiac was made in Egypt.
Also Senmuth's astronomical ceiling show earth's cardinal points reversed, that is, a reverse zodiac. There the bull of the pole star is slain. That is, there is depicted zodiac shift. Documents from the Harris, Ipuwer, and Hermatige papyri also depict a zodiac shift - not a pole shift.
Horus is spearing the Bull in Ursa Major where the pole star is. What may be being depicted is the sun moving 180° and earth flowing into a reverse orbit of the sun.
Thus a zodiac shift when the Bull of Heaven, the pole constellation was slain. Thus the handle of the Big dipper would point up instead of down that night.
A. Pogo suggested this was a horoscope commemorating the appearing of Sirius in the Great Year July 16, 2737 BC, 1456 years to the Exodus in 1281 BC.
Perhaps he believed the figure with the spear was Orion and the bull Taurus. However, the bull is definitely the bull of the north pole star, the Big Dipper. The pole star was imagined to be at the hairy tip of the Bull's tail, the Big Dipper rather than Taurus.
In 2316 BC (or 2315 BC) the Chinese Emperor Yao chose He and Ho to find the four stars to determine the four seasons after the sun stood still for 9 days (for Joseph in Egypt to begin the seven years of plenty).
James Legge stated these four stars should mark the four seasons at least 700 years more recent, as in 1600 BC. The sun miracle in April 1, 2316 BC would be 10 days before the spring equinox April 10, 2316 BC. 10 days shift appears to equal 700 years of the precession of the equinoxes.
However, if you use a globe of the earth you can see the sun moving about the winter solstice means the globe must shift 180°. So 90 days before the spring equinox or the fall equinox = the same 180° earth shift.
Then, if 90 days = 180°, likewise 10 days equal 2 X 10° = 20° = 1400 years more recent, Yao's canon's stars 1400 years more recent sky, in the precession of the equinoxes.
Most probably earth did not shift on its axis and did not turn upside down either.
God moving the sun up or down when he moved the sun to the other side of the earth produces an orbit shift identical to shifting the earth.
This means earth was left untouched = no scientific problem at all.
Only God must move the sun to the other side of earth and earth flow into a reverse orbit of the sun, and at the same time God must move the sun up or down to create earth's seasonal orbit in reverse to be the same as normal.
Yes, moving the sun is an imense undertaking. But remember God created the universe. Moving the sun and not the earth answers all scientific objections.
Thus, earth was not touched, only the sun moved up or down the zodiac - and earth's orbit shifted - to keep earth in the same identical season it normally would have.
Thus, the seasons would progress spring, summer, fall and winter just as they normally would. Even earth would keep the identical distance to the sun. Earth's orbit would be sped up 48 hours a reverse orbit = 8 minutes less each 24 hour day.
Then long days adding up to 48 hours a reverse year would equal earth's sped up oribt of 48 hours, leaving no net missing time.
Precession completes 360° in 26,000 years. 26000 / 360 X 10 = 722 years, 2 X 700 = 1400 years more recent than 2316 BC. Earth did not shift on its axis, the sun moved up or down after moving 180° creating a similar affect.
Then what was witnessed in Egypt probably was simply the sun moving slightly up or down after moving 180° to keep earth in the same season and earth flowing into a reverse orbit of the sun.
The zodiac would suddenly shift six constellations and progress in reverse and the stars marking the seasons in effect be like 700 years forward in the precession of the equinoxes.
The sun on the other side of earth would mean the Big Dipper would seem to point up or down the opposite of normal.
Earth in a reverse orbit was noted by the ancients and their records correspond to this model perfectly.
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